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NOTE: Since 2009 the title of the International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education (IJEE) has been changed to the title above. ISSN numbers: IJEE 1649-2269 and IRE 2009-2822
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ISSN Number: 2009-2822. Frequency: 4 Issues per year (online only)
#1725 -Temporal Focus and Entrepreneurial Orientation of Solo Self-Employed Workers
IRE Vol 23, Issue 1, 2025, Pages
Author(s): Jinia Mukerjee (MBS School of Business, Montpellier, France), Roy Thurik (MBS School of Business, Montpellier, France & Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands), Ingrid Verheul (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands)
Abstract:
The temporal dimensions of managerial behavior and their impact on organizational outcomes have garnered increasing attention in the literature. Given the significant role of managers’ time perception in shaping a firm’s strategic direction, this study contributes by examining the relationship between temporal focus and the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of solo self-employed workers. Drawing on a Dutch sample of 783 self-employed individuals, we find that both present and future temporal focus positively relate to their EO, and that this relationship is stronger for future focus. Our findings also suggest that these two temporal orientations act as substitutes rather than complements, in determining the EO of self-employed workers. We contend that this outcome may be attributed to the resource limitations typically encountered in solo self-employment. Collectively, our results underscore the critical role of temporal focus in the context of entrepreneurial pursuits.
Keywords: temporal focus, entrepreneurial orientation, solo self-employment